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Stephen P. Rice. Minding the Machine: Languages of Class in Early Industrial America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. xiii + 230 pp. ISBN 0-520-22781-6, $49.95.
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The role of class in American history perhaps has been the most continuous debate among American historians in the past century. After Charles Beard claimed that economic motivations were the primary forces in the minds of the drafters of the U.S. Constitution, historians have argued over whether class existed and, if it did, how prominent a part it played.
Those who have downplayed the role of class have tended to see the United States as a society where the middle class predominated almost from its beginnings. Thus America had no Revolution of 1848, no
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